Thymalin represents a mixture of short peptides originally isolated from thymic tissue, including well-defined di- and tripeptides such as Glu-Trp (EW) and Lys-Glu (KE).[1] These fragments are synthesized and standardized to explore thymus-derived regulatory signals controlling hematopoiesis and T-cell differentiation.[1–3]
In vitro and in vivo studies report that Thymalin and its components can influence thymocyte maturation markers, lymphocyte subsets, and cytokine production.[2,3] This supports its use as a mechanistic probe of peptide-mediated immunomodulation.
Research in aging organisms and infectious disease models evaluates how thymic peptides affect oxidative stress parameters, pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression, and overall immune system remodeling.[3,4] These findings characterize pathway-level effects only, without endorsing any clinical application.
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